Meningitis
This is an inflammation of the brain linings, called meninges, and it is usually due to an infection in the nervous system. Neck stiffness and pain are included in the main symptoms of meningitis, and it is accompanied by fever and headache. Some patients may have alterations in their mental status or consciousness, but it is not required for the diagnosis. Other symptoms of meningitis include nausea and vomiting, increased light sensitivity, confusion, irritability, and sleepiness.
Meningitis is a dangerous disease and can leave long-lasting consequences, especially in children. It is not the most common cause of neck pain, but it should always be ruled out in patients with severe or recurrent symptoms.
The diagnosis of meningitis can be a bit difficult sometimes. Doctors may need to run not only a complete blood count but also a lumbar puncture and neuroimaging. It is a disease that should be treated inside the hospital with intravenous antibacterial therapy, vital signs screening, and electrolyte therapy to prevent hypotension and shock.
In adults, meningitis is considered a high-risk disease in seniors, patients with increased heart rate, cranial nerve palsies, and bacterial meningitis with gram-positive cocci. Neurologic complications occur in some cases, and even with the appropriate treatment, and 30% of the survivors will experience sequelae.