Complications that Can Result From Ocular Migraine
Ocular migraine mainly occurs due to spasm in the vessels of the brain or retina resulting in vision loss. This vision loss is restored after an hour or two but prolonged vision loss can give rise to complications. Although, there are very less chances of permanent vision loss while suffering from ocular migraine but consulting the doctor can help prevent the symptom from acquiring a terrible state. (7)
Branch retinal artery occlusion
If the ocular migraine is left untreated, it can also result in Branch retinal artery occlusion or BRAO. Oftentimes, when the blood flow in the retina is obstructed due to inflammation and vasoconstriction, this prolonged lack of blood flow can result in the death of the retinal cells leading to permanent vision loss. BRAO can be avoided by cutting alcohol, smoking and avoiding hypertension. The chances of recovery are high in branch retinal artery occlusion.
Vitreous hemorrhage
Vitreous hemorrhage is a common eye disorder which is characterized as the presence of blood in the vitreous fluid. Vitreous is a clear, jelly-like substance present at the back of the eye. This vitreous composes 99% of water and the rest is hyaluronic acid and collagen. The vitreous hemorrhage is caused when blood starts leaking from blood vessels as a result of weakened vein or increased blood pressure. The vitreous is lined by the retina and other vessels, so any blood leakage can impact the vision.
Ischemic stroke
According to the American Stroke Association the risk of stroke is three times higher among people who suffer from the ocular migraine frequently. Brain stroke is one of the leading causes of death. This happens when one the major arteries in the brain gets blocked and the supply of blood is halted. 87% percent of all strokes are ischemic strokes. If not treated early ischemic stroke can also result in death. But still this does not mean that every person diagnosed with ocular migraine is having a stroke as they are very rare and are accompanied by a disability.
Retinal infarction
Retinal infarction is a condition in which the blood is unable to reach the retina due to the vasospasm and inflammation in the arteries. Without proper blood supply the cells start to die. This retinal infarction is sort of an eye stroke. Patients suffering from high blood pressure, diabetes accompanied by ocular migraine are at a higher risk of retinal infarction. This retinal infarction can cause vision loss in one eye.
Central retinal artery occlusion
The primary supplier of blood to the eye is the ophthalmic artery. The retina is responsible for vision so if the blood supply is halted, it can result in serious damage to the eyesight. People suffering from ocular migraine constantly face the issue of artery blockage due to vasoconstriction. In case of prolonged hypo-perfusion the results can be irreversible. Consulting doctors is the best way for the early diagnosis of CRAO.